Public Domain

Use, share and change freely, with no rules or restrictions. Don't need to give credit. Open source.

Permissive

Use, share and change freely, but keep the copyright notice intact, and give credit to the original authors. Open source.

Copyleft

Share-alike — changes must stay under the same license. This can be narrow (file-level) or broad (project-level) depending on the license. Open source.

Source Available

Also called 'fair code'. Restricts commercial use, changes, or sharing. Otherwise similar to Copyleft. Not open source even if source materials are available.